If liquid escapes from air cargo into the aircraft fuselage, then there is a risk of damage, including over the longer term of corrosion. Corrosion has been identified as the cause of some aircraft failures that have resulted in loss of life.
In this article I highlight the best practices for managing and containing situations where there is risk of liquids being discharged during transit on an airplane. There is also an interesting case study where an airline is handling wet cargo which is causing serious corrosion in the body of the aircraft.
Some cargo should be classified as Wet Cargo, as it contains liquid, discharges liquid, or by nature may generate liquid.
Some examples of wet cargo are:
IATA give some guidelines which I have reproduced here as a reminder of actions they recommend taking to avoid damage to the airplane.
6.7. Wet Freight (WET) Loads containing liquids or from which liquids may ooze out because of their nature (other than dangerous goods) are considered as Wet Freight (e.g. live animals, fresh or frozen meat, fish shipments cooled with water, ice, etc.).
Packaging must be secure and capable of maintaining the shipment in a totally leak-proof condition, allowing for variations in atmospheric pressure and rapid changes in temperature during the flight.
"THIS WAY UP" labels/marks must be appropriately fixed/printed/stamped on at least two opposite sides of each package. Orientation marks must be colour durable (red or black), meeting IATA standards.
This unnamed airline uses narrow body aircraft to ship passengers and cargo between islands in the far east.
They have a huge problem with the largely perishable food products being transported leaking significant amounts of liquid.
The pictures below show the amount of water in a typical cargo hold, and the damage it does.
As you can see below there is a large amount of perforations resulting from corrosion caused by this liquid.
While the aircraft is being loaded water pours out of these holes - see picture below!!
Hence there is an urgent problem to be solved.
One of the challenges faced was the fact that due to the size of the airplane it had to be loaded by hand which involved a lot of foot traffic.
In this particular instance a robust absorbent sheet with a waterproof backing that could withstand heavy foot traffic and had an absorbent capacity of 3 litres of liquid per square metre was tested.
The sheets of the absorbent material were taped together using waterproof cloth tape to ensure this absorbent sheeting contained any liquids.
See picture below.
On larger aircraft which are loaded using aircraft pallets or containers, these can be lined with Cargo Absorbent at the point they are packed, before being loaded on the aircraft.
The absorbent sheeting can absorb up to 5 litres of liquid per square metre and has a waterproof liner to prevent leakage through the sheeting. These products are specifically designed for the aircargo industry and are guaranteed quality with a superior performance to meet the needs of air cargo couriers.
If you would like more information, or need some advice click on the image below.